Wednesday, September 30, 2009

Fire call hits close to home for 911 dispatcher

http://edition.cnn.com/2009/US/09/29/Massachusetts.911.dispatcher.fire/index.html

(CNN) -- From baby deliveries to unexpected deaths, Mike Bowes, a 911 dispatcher from Quincy, Massachusetts, has handled a wide range of emergency calls.

Emergency dispatcher Mike Bowes received a call that his home was in flames Monday night.

But Monday night, the 44-year-old received an unexpected call from his neighbor: His own house was on fire.

The 911 call came in about 10:45 p.m. Monday, a little more than an hour before Mike Bowes' shift ended.

My neighbor's house just blew up, the caller said.

"What's the address?" Mike Bowes asked patiently, just as he did with every emergency call for the past 11 years with the Quincy Police Department.

The caller frantically relayed the address, Bowes' home address for 20 years.

"It was shocking," Mike Bowes said. "I thought she was kidding. It's a long shot. I mean, what's the chances it will be your house?"

Out of 90,000 people who reside in Quincy, Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston, Mike Bowes' was the home in flames, and he had answered the emergency call.

Thoughts raced through his mind: Are my parents OK? Are the neighbors safe? What about my stuff?

Following procedure, Mike Bowes transferred the call to the fire department. Soon, dozens of calls about the fire from other neighbors began to pour into the control room.

One of the callers was his mother, Elizabeth Bowes, 68. She and her husband, Donald Bowes, 72, had escaped unharmed.

About 10:45 p.m., Elizabeth Bowes was reading a novel in the kitchen when she heard the explosion and saw flames shoot through the kitchen window. She ran to wake her husband in a first-floor bedroom.

There was also a landlord living in upstairs. Firefighters arrived within minutes and helped her to safety.

Within five minutes of receiving the call, police escorted Mike Bowes to his home. He could see the fire light up the dark sky from afar. Anxious neighbors gathered in the park nearby. He was relieved to find his parents together on the sidewalk.

"My parents are alive; my neighbors are alive," he said. "It's an inconvenience, but we'll get through it."

In another coincidence, one of the first firefighters to arrive on scene was Mike Bowes' cousin, Tom Bowes.

Tom Bowes, a firefighter for the past eight years, scrambled into the house to salvage old albums with wedding and baby photos amid the flames.

But everything else -- the clothes, electronics and furniture -- were destroyed.

No one was injured in the fire, and firefighters have yet to determine what caused the blaze. They say it started in the garage, about 15 feet from the home.

Mike Bowes says his job prepared him to deal with the challenging circumstances. Bowes and his family are living in a hotel, and local police officers and firefighters have donated clothes and money.

"A lot of people think dispatchers are strange because I've been joking about what happened," he said. "I say, 'If I'm not laughing, I'll start crying.' This is what I have to do."

Tuesday, September 29, 2009

Secret Service Probing Facebook Poll That Asked Whether Obama Should Be Killed


The Secret Service is investigating the origins of a poll that appeared on Facebook that asked whether President Obama should be killed.

PHOTO President Barack Obama, center, is escorted by Secret Service agents across the street in this file photo.
The Secret Service is investigating the origins of a Facebook poll that asked whether President Obama should be killed.
(Alex Brandon/AP Photo)

Posted over the weekend, the poll was removed by Facebook after the Secret Service received a tip and contacted the company, which was not aware of the survey, sources tell ABC News.

"When the Secret Service became aware of the poll we worked with Facebook to have it taken down and are conducting an investigation," said a spokesman for the Secret Service.

The poll asked: "Should Obama be killed?" The answer choices: "No," "Maybe," "Yes" and "Yes if he cuts my health care."

As the health care debate intensified over the summer, experts tracking hate groups expressed concern over what they described as violent rhetoric and "a genuine backlash" against the president.The Secret Service will be reaching out to the person who developed and posted the poll to determine intent.


"The third-party application that enabled an individual user to create the offensive poll was brought to our attention this morning," Barry Schnitt, Facebook's spokesman for policy, told The Associated Press.According to a spokesman for Facebook, the poll was created by an independent person using an add-on application.

He told the AP that the application was taken down.

"We're working with the U.S. Secret Service," Schnitt said.

Sunday, September 27, 2009

Sleep disorder victims surge

http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/NEWKHSITE/data/html_dir/2009/09/28/200909280021.asp

The number of Koreans suffering from sleep-related problems has increased nearly five times over the past eight years, a government report said yesterday.

According to the National Health Insurance Corporation, a total of 228,000 sleep patients visited hospitals last year, up 4.5 times from 51,000 in 2001.

The increase was more apparent among women in their 20s, with their figure growing 6.7 times during the same period. Symptoms of sleep disorders were 1.5 times more common in women than in men.

Common sleep disorders include: primary insomnia, chronic difficulty in falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep; bruxism, involuntarily grinding or clenching of the teeth while sleeping; delayed sleep phase syndrome, inability to awaken and fall asleep at socially acceptable times but no problem with sleep maintenance; and hypopnea syndrome, abnormally shallow breathing or slow respiratory rate while sleeping.

Experts say several social and psychological factors could possibly prevent people from sleeping well.

"Due to the recent economic and job crisis, more people are experiencing anxieties about an uncertain future, pressure and mental illness such as obsessive-compulsion disorder. With lifestyles becoming varied, a growing number of shift-workers and travelers with jet-lag also show symptoms related to sleep disorders," said Park Sang-jin, doctor at the NHIC Ilsan Hospital.

Some medicines that affect the nerve system and irregular eating habits also could lead to sleep problems, Park added.

Despite the recent surge in sleep problems, many Koreans still hesitate to seek medical help or counseling because it is widely considered a taboo here.

"Sleep problems cannot be improved without intentional effort. If the causes are not verified, medicines or conventional remedies may deepen the symptoms further. People having difficulty in sleeping should see a doctor for close examination," Park said.

Saying some changes in lifestyle are helpful to improve the symptoms, Park offered several tips that include: getting up at a regular time; avoiding taking a nap or lying down during the daytime; doing other activities when feeling uneasiness; lying down as long as the usual sleeping time; refraining from doing exercise after 7 p.m. as it could stimulate the brain functions and cause insomnia; and avoiding overeating, painkillers, alcohol and beverages containing caffeine such as coffee, tea and cola..

(jylee@heraldm.com)

By Lee Ji-yoon

Wednesday, September 23, 2009

Random Checks for Illegal Aliens Upset Foreigners

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2009/09/117_52277.html

By Ines Min
Contributing Writer



The Korea Immigration Service's crackdown on illegal immigrants this year has been met with controversy due to allegations its officers are making random checks on those who look like foreign workers. 

Members of the legally residing foreign community are also upset at the failure to stick to a legal set of procedures. 

"Immigration officials make raids on the street," said a foreign scholar in Seoul who spoke on condition of anonymity. 

She said three Nepalese foreigners were grabbed on their way to get a haircut recently, while a pregnant woman was taken outside of the city last week. Others are caught during routine shopping errands, she said. 

"The intense crackdown was to start from November, but it's been very terrible since September," the scholar said. 

KIS spokesman Ahn Kyu-suk neither denied nor confirmed these allegations in an e-mail interview with The Korea Times, but simply cited the legal procedures. 

Ahn said the Immigration Law dictates that "if foreigners residing here always carry a copy of their passport and alien registration card, the concerned shall satisfy the requirements of immigration and passport officials." 

"Therefore, suspected foreigners in these circumstances must show their identification" during on-the-spot checks, the spokesman added. 

"Enforcement will start in October or November," Ahn said, denying that the crackdown has begun without public notice. 

This year the office will join with regional police forces and other related agencies to help find as many illegal immigrants as possible, he said. 

"The system doesn't work properly and foreign workers are suffering," the anonymous scholar said. 

She added that the illegal foreigners are given no time before being sent back to their native countries, which was refuted by the spokesman. 

"To actually investigate violation of law, the signature of the person is received in a written format, followed by a deportation order and then deportation," Ahn said. "It can take anywhere from two to three days, to one to two months." 

This excludes the case of an Iranian national known locally as Peter Talebi, who it is claimed was deported from South Korea in July with no time to gather his belongings.

The scholar, however, said that the government was also lacking in efforts to enforce the rule equally to foreigners and give aid where needed. 

The problem lies in that the system is broken and immigrants are often left with nowhere to turn, the scholar said.

Under the Lee Myung-bak administration, crackdowns on illegal aliens has intensified. Under the previous liberal administrations, foreigners overstaying their visas were allowed to live here as long as they didn't violate laws, the scholar said. 

"They want to control foreigners in Korea," she said. "Natives have more rights, while foreigners have fewer rights because they are foreigners."

The KIS said the number of illegal immigrants in South Korea was 185,000.


Tuesday, September 22, 2009

Facebook gets caught in Golan Heights dispute

http://edition.cnn.com/2009/TECH/09/21/israel.syria.facebook/index.html

JERUSALEM (CNN) -- Logging onto Facebook as a resident in the Golan Heights, should you enter Syria or Israel as your home country?

Facebook now has 300 million users -- almost as many as the population of the United States.

Decades of war and occupation have not provided an answer to that question -- but the social networking Web site now permits both options, sparking fears about an anti-Facebook cyber-war.
The Golan Heights is Syrian territory that was captured by Israel during the Six-Day War in 1967. Since then it has been internationally classified as Israeli-occupied territory.
Up until recently, Facebook fans in the Golan Heights could only choose Syria as their country of origin or else leave it blank. Pro-Israel Web site honestreporting.com sought to change that, starting a group called "Facebook, Golan residents live in Israel, not Syria."
Alex Margolin says the campaign was never political. "It was never a question of the future of Golan... it's totally possible that at some time in the future the Golan will change hands and go to Syria."
The group welcomed 2,500 members in the first week. Shortly afterwards Facebook policy changed. Do you think Facebook was right to change policy?
"We have enabled users in Golan Heights to choose either Syria or Israel in the listings," a Facebook spokesperson told CNN. "We currently have the same dual-listing options for the West Bank settlement, which is listed in both Palestine and Israel.
"We deal with the listings for disputed territories on a case-by-case basis, and with Golan Heights we decided a dual listing made sense in this instance."
Eighteen-year old Ofri Bazaz is delighted she can finally change her profile to Israel, squealing with delight as she tries it for the first time. She said: "It's very important on the Internet when somebody comes to my profile on Facebook they will see Israel and not Syria. I'm not Syrian."
But a 20-minute drive away in the Druze town of Majdal Shams, the reaction is very different. Facebook users here consider themselves Syrian and refuse to accept the change, as they fear it undermines their peaceful resistance to the Israeli occupation.
Shopkeeper Sakar abu Sabit said: "Even if it's just on the computer, I want people to always recognize me in the Golan Heights as a Syrian citizen."
Reaction from Syria is likely to be muted according to Syrian scholar, Ammar Abdulhamid. He told CNN that Facebook and other social networking sites have already been banned in Syria. "The Syrian government has really taken a strong stance on Internet activism and social networking sites," he said.

"The real reason is nothing to do with the Arab-Israeli conflict, it's because these sites are very popular with Syrian activists."
But with 300 million users worldwide and an estimated 120 million logging in every single day according to Facebook, there will inevitably be fears about a backlash against the site that now finds itself at the center of a 40-year-old conflict.

Students told to prove Texas residency or leave

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32958239/ns/us_news-education/

Despite law, hundreds of students living in Mexico attend U.S. schools

DEL RIO, Texas - Students living in northern Mexico have skirted residency requirements to attend U.S. public schools for generations, but when the superintendent in one Texas border town got word that about 400 school-age children were crossing the international bridge each day with backpacks but no student visas, he figured he had to do something.
The community is connected by a bridge to Ciudad Acuna, Mexico, and like most border cities, the towns operate in tandem, with U.S. citizens and legal residents living, working and shopping on both sides. All of it is legal, but public school attendance by children living in Mexico is another issue.
"We had several van loads (with Mexican license plates) pulling up at the schools and kids getting out. It's like 'C'mon, it's obvious what's going on,'" said Kelt Cooper, superintendent of the San Felipe Del Rio Consolidated Independent School District.
Complaints from civil rights groupsHe directed district officials to stake out the bridge and warn students they could face expulsion if they don't prove they live in the district — a move that's brought complaints from civil rights groups and support from anti-immigrant proponents.
"We have a law. We have a policy. We follow it," said Cooper, whose spent most of his life near the border and is uncomfortable with attempts to make him a cause celebre for either side of the immigration debate. "I'm just doing my job."
Like parents elsewhere who send their children to a better school across town, some parents living in northern Mexico send their children to American public schools believing they are safer and offer better education. Many also hope a U.S. education will provide better access to American colleges and universities.
Immigration status isn't an issue in these cases. A decades-old Supreme Court ruling prevents school officials from even asking about citizenship. Regardless, according to U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials, students who use the bridge enter the U.S. legally because they are U.S. citizens, permanent residents with green cards or Mexicans with student visas. Those visas are used by Mexican students who pay tuition, primarily at parochial schools.
But for tuition-free public school attendance, state law requires students to live in the district — a rule that many officials don't rigidly enforce. Some are uncomfortable with following the letter of the law because doing so could deny U.S. citizen children access to public schools. Also, turning away students cost the districts money.
Schools get funding per studentTexas schools get funding for each student. Statewide, it works out to about $9,400 per student, primarily from local property taxes and state supplements designed to balance rich and poor school districts. Additional grants from the federal government for low-income and special education students account for about $920 per student. Cooper estimates his district of 10,000 students would lose $2.7 million if 400 students were expelled.
At the start of this school year, Cooper's district asked that Border Patrol agents count students crossing the bridge one weekday. Agency spokesman Rick Pauza said 550 students crossed, about 150 of them had student visas. The rest, Cooper said, are probably attending one of his schools.
School officials staking out the bridge handed out letters that warned parents they would be required to show proof they lived in the district. Within a few days, most parents offered documentation, meaning their children won't be expelled.
Cesar Casillas, who was picking up his 9-year-old nephew at Lamar Elementary School last week, said some parents were scrambling to find apartments in Del Rio, about 130 miles (210 kilometers) west of San Antonio. He disagrees with what the district is doing.
"These kids have all the rights to an American school," said Casillas, a 49-year-old who grew up in Del Rio.
It's a common argument, though legally, it has little weight.
"Citizenship doesn't give you the right to attend school. Residency does," said Elena Castro, assistant superintendent at California's Calexico Unified School District.
Several years ago, her district strictly enforced requirements that every student annually document residency. The district tried posting a photographer to snap students at the crossing but has since stopped that because it was difficult to identify the students, Castro said.
‘Cheating the system’David Hinojosa, an attorney for the Mexican-American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, said he's concerned about students being singled out because they were on an international bridge before school.
Cooper, who conducted similar port-of-entry checks several years ago when he led the district in Nogales, Arizona, said no Del Rio students have been expelled so far.
Bob Dane, a spokesman for the Federation for American Immigration Reform, said Cooper's bridge stakeout prevented parents from taking advantage of a "duty-free education."
"It's very obvious the parents are cheating the system. The kids are getting quality education without contributing," he said.
Texas Education Agency officials know that most border communities have some students surreptitiously commuting from homes in Mexico, but there's been no recent effort to count them, said spokeswoman Debbie Ratcliffe.
"It does cost us to educate these children, but we also get a benefit because we know they are likely to impact our economy in some way," said Ratcliffe, noting that many will work in the U.S. as adults.
‘I'm not going now’One of Texas' largest school districts, which is in El Paso, checks residency when students enroll, but spokeswoman Berenice Zubia said officials don't look for students at the international crossings that come from nearby Ciudad Juarez, Mexico.
Some parents in Del Rio say they're not taking any chances their children could be expelled.
Minerva Garcia, 50, hoped to move to her family's home in Ciudad Acuna to save money.
"If the students are willing to get up early to get across, it shouldn't be held against them," said Garcia, as she waited to pick up her 5-year-old and 8-year-old from school. "But I'm not going now."

Friday, September 18, 2009

Mary Travers of 1960s folk anthem trio dies at 72

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090917/ap_en_mu/us_obit_mary_travers


FILE ---In a July 6, 1965 photo  singers Paul Stookey, left, Mary Travers,AP – FILE ---In a July 6, 1965 photo singers Paul Stookey, left, Mary Travers, center, and Peter Yarrow of …

BOSTON – Mary Travers, of the folk trio Peter, Paul, and Mary, that used beautiful, tranquil harmonies to convey the angst and turmoil of the Vietnam antiwar movement, racial discrimination and more, died after a yearslong battle with leukemia. She was 72.

The band's publicist, Heather Lylis, said Travers died Wednesday at Danbury Hospital in Connecticut.

Bandmate Peter Yarrow said that in her final months, Travers handled her declining health with bravery and generosity, showing her love to friends and family "with great dignity and without restraint."

"It was, as Mary always was, honest and completely authentic," he said. "That's the way she sang, too — honestly and with complete authenticity."

Noel "Paul" Stookey, the trio's other member, praised Travers for her inspiring activism, "especially in her defense of the defenseless."

"I am deadened and heartsick beyond words to consider a life without Mary Travers and honored beyond my wildest dreams to have shared her spirit and her career," he said.

Mary Allin Travers was born on Nov. 9, 1936, in Louisville, Kentucky, the daughter of journalists who moved the family to Manhattan's bohemian Greenwich Village. She quickly became enamored with folk performers like the Weavers and was soon performing with Pete Seeger, a founding member of the Weavers who lived in the same building as the Travers family.

With a group called the Song Swappers, Travers backed Seeger on one album and two shows at Carnegie Hall. She also appeared (as one of a group of folk singers) in a short-lived 1958 Broadway show called "The Next President," starring comedian Mort Sahl.

It wasn't until she met up with Yarrow and Stookey that Travers would taste success on her own. Yarrow was managed by Albert B. Grossman, who later worked in the same capacity for Bob Dylan.

In the book "Positively 4th Street" by David Hajdu, Travers recalled that Grossman's strategy was to "find a nobody that he could nurture and make famous."

The budding trio, boosted by the arrangements of Milt Okun, spent seven months rehearsing in herGreenwich Village apartment before their 1961 public debut at the Bitter End.

Their beatnik look — a tall blonde flanked by a pair of goateed guitarists — was a part of their initial appeal. As The New York Times critic Robert Shelton put it not long afterward, "Sex appeal as a keystone for a folk-song group was the idea of the group's manager ... who searched for months for `the girl' until he decided on Miss Travers."

The trio mingled their music with liberal politics, both onstage and off. Their version of "If I Had a Hammer" became an anthem for racial equality. Other hits included "Lemon Tree," "Leaving on a Jet Plane" and "Puff (The Magic Dragon.)"

They were early champions of Dylan and performed his "Blowin' in the Wind" at the March on Washington in August 1963.

And they were vehement in their opposition to the Vietnam War, managing to stay true to their liberal beliefs while creating music that resonated in the American mainstream.

The group collected five Grammy Awards for their three-part harmony on enduring songs like "Leaving on a Jet Plane," "Puff (The Magic Dragon)" and "Blowin' in the Wind."

At one point in 1963, three of their albums were in the top six Billboard best-selling LPs as they became the biggest stars of the folk revival movement.

It was heady stuff for a trio that had formed in the early 1960s in Greenwich Village, running through simple tunes like "Mary Had a Little Lamb."

Their debut album came out in 1962, and immediately scored a pair of hits with their versions of "If I Had a Hammer" and "Lemon Tree." The former won them Grammys for best folk recording and best performance by a vocal group.

"Moving" was the follow-up, including the hit tale of innocence lost, "Puff (The Magic Dragon)" — which reached No. 2 on the charts, and generated since-discounted reports that it was an ode to marijuana.

Album No. 3, "In the Wind," featured three songs by the then-22-year-old Dylan. "Don't Think Twice, It's Alright" and "Blowin' in the Wind" both reached the top 10, bringing Dylan's material to a massive audience; the latter shipped 300,000 copies during one two-week period.

"Blowin' In the Wind" became another civil rights anthem, and Peter, Paul and Mary fully embraced the cause. They marched with the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. in Selma, Alabama, and performed with him in Washington.

In a 1966 Times interview, Travers said the three worked well together because they respected one another. "There has to be a certain amount of love just in order for you to survive together," she said. "I think a lot of groups have gone down the tubes because they were not able to relate to one another."

With the advent of the Beatles and Dylan's switch to electric guitar, the folk boom disappeared. Travers expressed disdain for folk-rock, telling the Chicago Daily News in 1966 that "it's so badly written. ... When the fad changed from folk to rock, they didn't take along any good writers."

But the trio continued their success, scoring with the tongue-in-cheek single "I Dig Rock and Roll Music," a gentle parody of the Mamas and the Papas, in 1967 and the John Denver-penned "Leaving on a Jet Plane" two years later.

They also continued as boosters for young songwriters, recording numbers written by then-little-knownGordon Lightfoot and Laura Nyro.

In 1969, the group earned their final Grammy for "Peter, Paul and Mommy," which won for best children's album. They disbanded in 1971, launching solo careers — Travers released five albums — that never achieved the heights of their collaborations.

Over the years they enjoyed several reunions, including a performance at a 1978 anti-nuclear benefit organized by Yarrow and a 35th anniversary album, "Lifelines," with fellow folkies Ramblin' Jack Elliott, Dave Van Ronk and Seeger. A boxed set of their music was released in 2004.

They remained politically active as well, performing in 1995 on the anniversary of the Kent State shootings and performing for California strawberry pickers.

Travers had undergone a successful bone marrow transplant to treat her leukemia and was able to return to performing after that.

"It was like a miracle," Travers told The Associated Press in 2006. "I'm just feeling fabulous. What's incredible is someone has given your life back. I'm out in the garden today. This time last year I was looking out a window at a hospital." She also said she told the marrow donor "how incredibly grateful I was."

But by mid-2009, Yarrow told WTOP radio in Washington that her condition had worsened again and he thought she would no longer be able to perform.

Travers lived for many years in Redding, Connecticut She is survived by her husband, Ethan Robbins, and daughters, Alicia and Erika.

Thursday, September 17, 2009

New World's Tallest Man Revealed

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/8259728.stm

The world's tallest man - who also has the largest hands and feet - has been revealed by Guinness World Records for the first time.

At 8ft 1in (2.47m), Sultan Kosen, from Turkey, is about 4in (10cm) taller than previous title-holder Bao Xishun.

The 27-year-old's hands measure 10.8in (27.5cm) and his feet 14.3in (36.5cm).

At the launch in London of the 2010 edition of the book, Mr Kosen said he was hoping his new-found fame would bring him love for the first time.

"The first thing I want to do is have a car that I can fit in, but more than that I want to get married," he said.

"Up until now it's been really difficult to find a girlfriend. I've never had one, they were usually scared of me. I'm hoping now I will find one."

He went on: "Hopefully now that I'm famous I'll be able to meet lots of girls. I'd like to get married."

I can't go shopping like normal people, I have to have things made specially and sometimes they aren't always as fashionable
Sultan Kosen

One of the difficulties of being so tall is getting clothes which fit and Mr Kosen wore a specially-made suit to meet journalists, which was one of the first outfits he has owned that is the right size.

He also had to have a three-metre-long bed made.

Mr Kosen said: "The most difficult things are, for example, that I can't fit into a normal car. When I get into a car, it's a really tight fit.

"I can't go shopping like normal people, I have to have things made specially and sometimes they aren't always as fashionable.

"The other thing is that ceilings are low and I have to bend down through doorways."

But his height does have its upsides.

He said: "The good thing about being so tall is that I can see people from a long distance. The other thing is at home they use my height to change the light bulbs and hang the curtains, things like that."

Mr Kosen is the first person in more than a decade to be more than 8ft in height, a spokesman for Guinness World Records said.

He grew normally until he was 10, but then a tumour caused him to develop a medical condition called pituitary gigantism.

The tumour was removed last year and his growth stopped.

His visit to the UK is the first time he has travelled outside Turkey, and he will go on to visit the US and Germany.

Wednesday, September 16, 2009

The Capitalist Who Loves North Korea


(Fortune Magazine) -- James Kim, an American businessman turned educator, once sat in the very last place that anyone in the world would wish to be: a cold, dank prison cell in Pyongyang, the godforsaken capital of North Korea.

Kim, who had emigrated from South Korea to the United States in the 1970s, had been a frequent visitor to Pyongyang over the years in pursuit of what, to many, seemed at best a quixotic cause. He wanted to start an international university in Pyongyang, with courses in English, an international faculty, computers, and Internet connections for all the students.

Not only that -- in the heart of the world's most rigidly Communist country, Kim wanted his school to include that training ground for future capitalists: an MBA program.

During one of his trips to the capital in 1998, with North Korea in the midst of a famine that would eventually kill thousands, the state's secret police arrested Kim.

North Korean dictator Kim Jong Il didn't lock up the educator for being crazy. He got it in his head that the oddly persistent American -- who at the time, among other things, was helping to feed starving North Koreans with deliveries of food aid from China -- was a spy.

So for more than 40 days, Kim languished in a North Korean prison. An evangelical Christian, Kim wrote his last will and testament during those days, not knowing if he'd ever get out.

Which makes where he plans to be in mid-September all the more astonishing. Kim will lead a delegation of 200 dignitaries from around the world to North Korea for the dedication of the first privately funded university ever allowed in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea: the Pyongyang University of Science and Technology (PUST).

The school will have an international faculty educating, eventually, around 600 graduate students. Kim dreams ultimately of hosting an industrial park around the PUST campus, drawing firms from around the world -- a North Korean version, as bizarre as it sounds, of Palo Alto or Boston's Route 128.

There will be Internet access for all, connecting the students to an outside world that they've heretofore been instructed is a hostile and dangerous place. And among the six departments will be a school of industrial management.

"We ended up not calling it an 'MBA program,'" jokes David Kim (no relation to James), a former Bechtel and Pacific Gas & Electric executive who has relocated to Pyongyang to help set up PUST, "because they [the North Koreans] think it sounds vaguely imperialistic."

That the North Koreans are permitting this to happen -- that they have given James Kim the nod to create his university, just as he intended -- is remarkable.

It's hard for outsiders to understand just how backward, isolated, and impoverished North Korea is. Since the collapse of the Eastern bloc 20 years ago, fewer and fewer North Korean university students study abroad. Allowing PUST to proceed lets a gust of fresh air into a stilted, frightfully isolated environment.

Ben Rosen, the venture capitalist who co-founded Compaq Computer in 1982, befriended Kim last year on a visit to Pyongyang with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. After touring the 248-acre campus with Kim as it was under construction, Rosen became a believer. The university, he says, will give students "a window to the outside world and will create a new generation of technocrats with the potential to lead a post-Kim Jong Il government."

The man behind this masterstroke of international relations consciously creates a bit of an air of mystery around himself. Ask him two very basic questions -- how old are you, and where were you born -- and Kim (whose Korean given name is Chin-Kyung) cheerfully demurs.

As for his age (public records in Florida, where he was a small-business man for more than a decade, say he was born in September 1935), he says it's all in the mind -- a function of your health and your attitude. "And I am very healthy," he says with a grin.

As to where, exactly, he was born, he declines to say, without much explanation. Kim's father -- himself an educator -- was very much a product of the tumultuous history of colonization and war that engulfed Northeast Asia in the first part of the 20th century, and thus very much on the move. During World War II, Kim's father fled the Japanese occupation of Korea, escaping to northeast China -- not far from Yanji, where his son's dreams took shape half a century later.

That dream -- to bring Western education to his countrymen -- first manifested itself some 17 years ago, when Kim built a small (1,750 students) but thriving, privately funded university in Yanji, the Yanbian University of Science and Technology (YUST).

Twice this summer I met at length with Kim in Yanji, which abuts the North Korean border, and sits in Jilin province, where more than half of the citizens are ethnic Korean. Though pleasantly cool in the summer, this part of China is cold and dark in the winter, and Kim's standard greeting to visitors is "Welcome to the North Pole."

He is endlessly energetic. When he's not off fundraising around the world, he bounces around the campus starting at six each morning, buttonholing students he happens upon. But these days, as the dedication of the school in North Korea draws near, he is more often than not in Pyongyang.

He carries an American passport and has what amounts to a multiple-entry visa to the most closed country on the planet. (Although the Korean War ended more than 50 years ago, Washington has never signed a peace treaty with the North.) He wants to make sure the dedication stays on track.

It has already been delayed once: PUST originally was to be dedicated last year, but Dear Leader Kim Jong Il had a stroke in the summer of 2008, and everything froze. Until very recently the overt hostility North Korea had evinced toward the U.S. and its allies cast real doubt as to whether PUST would ever open.

And for that reason Kim is very, very careful to parse his language when he talks about the North Korean government. Read him what Ben Rosen said about the potential PUST has to change North Korea, and Kim interjects quickly: "We're not going to change North Korea. We're going to help it."

Kim's success in America

This is pretty heady stuff for a former small-business man who made enough money running a South Korean taxi company to move to Pensacola, Fla. (He had been visiting a cousin attending school in the Sunshine State and liked the area.)

After arriving in America in 1976, he started a wig business. "In those days, South Korea dominated the wig export business," Kim recalled recently. "So I set up a business in Florida importing wigs from South Korea. It turned out to be pretty successful."

Kim says he came to the U.S. for a straightforward reason, the same reason so many immigrants do: He figured it was the best place to "make some money."

But money, for him, was always only going to be a means to an end. "I knew that if I were to go to these two Communist countries -- China and North Korea -- and do what I wanted to do, it would not only provide me with some wealth, but a U.S. passport as well. You guys are the Roman Empire of your day; you can go pretty much wherever you want."

His commercial landlord at the time, Frank Webb, recalls two things about James Kim: that he was a devout Christian, and that he always talked about setting up schools in China and North Korea.

Kim added a clothes store in the 1980s, then bought a chain of women's shoe stores in Pensacola that he expanded successfully. In short, Kim and his wife, Grace, who helped him run the business, were living the American dream: They were recent immigrants who worked hard and were more than making a go of it. They were prospering. "By the mid-1980s we had three good businesses," Kim says now.

And that's when he decided it was time to get on with his life's work. Leaving his wife behind in Florida to sell the family business and join him later, Kim headed for the northeastern part of China, where his father had been before him.

Support from the Christian community

Of all the nations in Asia where Christianity has tried to put down roots, Korea has been the most fertile ground. Roughly 20% of the population is Christian. Westerners who come to Seoul for the first time are often surprised by the number of neon crosses that glow atop churches in the city at night.

But it is not only South Korea where Christian missionaries worked successfully to find converts. Long before war divided Korea at mid-century, Christian missionaries had gone to North Korea. Ruth Graham, the late wife of evangelist Billy Graham, went to prep school in Pyongyang in the 1920s.

Kim is emblematic of just how deep those Christian roots run in Korea. His father converted to Christianity as a young man and attended a university in Pyongyang started by Presbyterian missionaries in 1897.

He was running a Christian school near Busan, in the South, when he fled the Japanese occupation "rather than bow to Shinto gods," as Kim now says. In 1939 his father went to Heilongjiang province in northeastern China, where he opened another school for girls; he returned to South Korea in 1945, with the defeat of Imperial Japan.

When James was 15 years old, he tried to enlist in the army as the Korean War broke out, but a recruiter first turned him away as too young. "I cut my finger and wrote in blood, 'I love my country,'" so the recruiter changed his mind and accepted him. He joined an army unit of 800, and by 1952 only 17 remained. The rest had been killed.

Until that point, Kim had not himself been particularly religious. He had watched his grandfather "persecute" his father for his conversion to Christianity. But on the battlefield one night, Kim read from the Gospel of St. John, which had been passed out by a U.S. Army chaplain to the troops who remained. Having watched so much of his unit get wiped out, it was verse 3:16 that spoke to him: "That whosoever shall believe in Him should not perish, but have everlasting life."

Then and there, says Kim, "I vowed to God to work with the Chinese and the North Koreans -- then our enemies. I would devote my life to it, if I survived the war."

For Kim, this was not a convenient "atheist in a foxhole" moment: He studied his newfound faith assiduously. In the early '70s Kim traveled to Europe, where he attended a school set up in Switzerland by an esteemed American evangelist, Francis Schaffer. He then went to England to study at an evangelical seminary before returning to Seoul in 1972.

His plan upon arriving in China was to follow in his father's footsteps and to do sort of a dry run for his ultimate goal: setting up a university in Pyongyang. Using some of the money he had made from selling his small businesses in the U.S., and then raising money from private donors -- drawing heavily on the evangelical Christian community in South Korea and abroad -- Kim in 1992 began YUST.

To date, more than 90% of the graduates get jobs, and South Korean companies operating in China are particularly aggressive in hiring its students. "They just line up to recruit them," says Malcolm Gillis, the former president of Rice University who is on the board of PUST.

Kim and his wife now live in faculty housing, in a small two-bedroom apartment. Though not officially a Christian school, which would be illegal in China, both the faculty and the students tend to be drawn from the devout. Many faculty members go without pay (as some will in Pyongyang). And the provincial government allows YUST to have a chapel on campus accessible only to university-affiliated personnel.

"There was a lot of suspicion from the [government] at first," Kim concedes. "But as the school has grown we've shown them that we are not in any way a threat to them." Left unstated is the obvious: that the small school on the North Korean border was Kim's model for his Pyongyang project.

He had two challenges: funding it and getting the North Korean government to agree to it. Kim's deep roots in the South Korean Christian community have given him a lot of contacts among Seoul's corporate and educational elite. He has the presidents of two prestigious Korean universities on PUST's board of directors, and on a recent weekend in Yanji, Kim had two senior executives, including vice chairman Heon-Cheol Shin from South Korea's biggest oil company, SK Energy, visiting him to check on the progress of the Pyongyang project.

Kim has the energy of someone half his age -- and he never stops plumping for the university. Venture capitalist Rosen recalls that on his tour of the campus in Pyongyang early last year Kim kept pushing him to join his board of directors. At one point he pointed to one of the buildings under construction and joked, "Look, Ben, there's your new office!" (My wife, Rosen jokes, "just about died.")

North Korea, not surprisingly, is the object of intense passion among the evangelical Christian community in the South.

South Korean churches have done much good work publicizing human rights abuses in the North -- to Pyongyang's intense displeasure -- but they have also raised funds for food aid and helped distribute it via a variety of networks. But to say that a good portion of the evangelical community in the South -- and indeed worldwide -- is hostile to the Kim Jong Il government is to state the obvious.

It is into this diplomatic minefield that Kim has stepped. "If you had told me that [Kim] was going to raise money from evangelical churches worldwide to help fund a new university in Pyongyang, and that he'd get the North Korean government to go along with it, I'd have told you that you were nuts," says a state department official. "Remember, in 1998 Kim Jong Il had him held in detention."

That fact does raise questions. Ask him how he has been able to pull this project off, and Kim says, "I have unlimited credit at the Bank of Heaven." The suspicion, voiced by some skeptics in Seoul and elsewhere, is that he also must have had to make a pretty hefty deposit at the Bank of Kim Jong Il.

To the extent that any business gets done in North Korea, the piper has to be paid, foreign businessmen and diplomats say. "I'd find it hard to believe otherwise," one Seoul-based executive who has done business in the North says, "but who knows?"

Asked directly whether any of the roughly $10 million he raised to fund PUST has gone to the regime in Pyongyang, Kim says: "Every brick we used, every bit of steel, every bit of equipment, we brought in from China. I have never brought any cash into North Korea."

So why did the North Korean government come to trust him? "When I was detained, I was very calm. I wrote that I was not afraid to die, because I knew I would go to a better place. And I wrote that if I did die, I would donate my organs for medical research in North Korea. I told them I was at peace." What he heard back, Kim says, is that the Dear Leader was touched by that sentiment.

There are so many horror stories about Kim Jong Il and the country that he rules that it's hard to know what to make of that. Suspicions linger that some sort of deal was cut. That somehow Dear Leader Kim is using University President Kim. Or being paid off by him. Or that Kim has divided loyalties.

There is no evidence that any of that is true, and Kim Jong Il, despite his recent diplomatic charm offensive, isn't giving interviews.

And for the record, though Kim is excruciatingly diplomatic in terms of what he says publicly about the regime, Fortune, having spent a considerable amount of time with Kim and his team in Yanji this summer, is pretty convinced that his loyalties lie in only one direction -- to the man upstairs. And by that, we don't mean Kim Jong Il.

PUST Board member Gillis believes that Kim's lack of guile may ultimately be what convinced the North Koreans. "This is a guy who is doing this for the reasons he says: that it would be a good and helpful thing for North Korean students to have a modern, international university, with faculty drawn from abroad. Through many years of hard work, [he's] been able to convince the government that that's the case. And it has the added benefit of being true. He's open and transparent. There are no hidden agendas here."

With the formal dedication set for Sept. 16 -- Kim and his staff are deep into trying to hire faculty and settle on nuts-and-bolts issues, like which textbooks will be used in courses that will begin in a few months. As David Kim, the Bechtel alum, relates, very little of that stuff is straightforward in North Korea.

How, for example, will economics and finance be taught? While students at elite universities in most of the world learn the same basic principles from the same authors -- Econ 101 from Samuelson and Nordhaus et al. -- in North Korea, Western economics is not only alien to most citizens of the Communist state, it is also downright threatening.

This is a government whose underlying philosophy is known as Juche, or self-reliance, and everyone is supposed to be a servant of the Dear Leader. How you square that with Adam Smith's invisible hand and enlightened self-interest is not at all obvious.

"If we're just going there to teach things the way they teach them now, it's a waste of our time," concedes Kim. "But we also don't want to be perceived as doing anything that threatens them."

So PUST is -- very much -- a work in progress. But given how close it is to reality, issues like curriculum fade. The only one out there who thought there'd be an international university opening in Pyongyang in 2009, offering the equivalent of an MBA, with courses in English to some 600 students, was the same guy whom the North Koreans arrested in 1998.

James Kim and his cohorts will no doubt figure out a way to teach Econ 101. They're going to teach Western economics, and finance, and management in one of the most backward economies in the world, one which again is having trouble feeding many of its citizens, according to recent reports from NGOs there.

That may seem like a rather hopeless task, but hope -- not to mention faith -- is something James Kim has in abundance. And given that he was sitting in a Pyongyang jail 11 years ago this month, who could blame him?

Tuesday, September 15, 2009

S Korean exams prompt army hush

A South Korean soldier during exercises in Seoul. File photo
Army drill will be halted to avoid drowning out the listening tests

South Korea's army has pledged to keep the noise down while several million students take English language listening tests later this month.

The army said live-fire drills would be halted and jets would be banned from taking off or landing for at least 20 minutes each day during the tests.

However, aircraft would be allowed to take off in emergency, the army said.

The exams for middle- and high-school students will be held on 16-18 and 23-25 September.

South Korea - a densely populated country - places a high priority on education.

The authorities are also expected to reschedule rush hour to ease traffic during another crucial set of tests in November.

Sunday, September 13, 2009

South Korea's Latest Export: Its Alphabet

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/12/world/asia/12script.html?emc=eta1

Published: September 11, 2009

SEOUL, South Korea — South Korea has long felt under-recognized for its many achievements: it built an economic powerhouse from the ruins of a vicious war in just decades and, after years of authoritarian rule, has created one of Asia’s most vibrant democracies.

The Hunminjeongeum Society

A page from a textbook created for an Indonesian minority group.

Now, one South Korean woman, Lee Ki-nam, is determined to wring more recognition from the world with an unusual export: the Korean alphabet. Ms. Lee is using a fortune she made in real estate to try to take the alphabet to places where native peoples lack indigenous written systems to record their languages.

Her project had its first success — and generated headlines — in July, when children from an Indonesian tribe began learning the Korean alphabet, called Hangul.

“I am doing for the world’s nonwritten languages what Doctors Without Borders is doing in medicine,” Ms. Lee, 75, said in an interview. “There are thousands of such languages. I aim to bring Hangul to all of them.”

While her quest might seem quixotic to non-Koreans, in this country — which has a national holiday called Hangul Day — it is viewed with enormous pride. Newspapers have gushed, and a Korean political party praised her feat in Indonesia — which Ms. Lee says involves just 50 children so far — as “a heroic first step toward globalizing Hangul.”

Such effusiveness is tied to Koreans’ attachment to their alphabet — a distinctive combination of circles and lines — and what they believe its endurance says about them as a people. During Japanese colonial rule in the past century, Koreans were prohibited from using their language and alphabet in business and other official settings; schools were forbidden to teach the language. Illiteracy in Korean soared, but many Koreans broke the rules to teach the language to their children and others.

Ms. Lee’s father, a linguist and professor, secretly taught his children and other students the language. She sees her mission as honoring his legacy, honoring Korea and helping the world.

Kim Ju-won, a linguist at Seoul National University and the president of the Hunminjeongeum Society, which Ms. Lee established to propagate Hangul, summarized the mission this way: “By giving unwritten languages their own alphabets, we can help save them from extinction and thus ensure mankind’s linguistic and cultural diversity.”

Still, the country’s linguistic ambitions have already raised some concerns, not long after some Muslim countries complained about South Korea’s zeal in trying to spread Christianity.

In Indonesia, where the government is encouraging its 240 million people to learn a “language of unity,” Bahasa Indonesia, for effective communication among a vast array of ethnic groups, Ms. Lee’s project raises delicate issues.

“If this is a kind of hobby, that’s fine,” Nicholas T. Dammen, the Indonesian ambassador to South Korea, said recently, referring to the decision by the Cia-Cia ethnic minority to adopt Hangul. “But they don’t need to import the Hangul characters. They can always write their local languages in the Roman characters.”

Shin Eun-hyang, an official at the Korean language division of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in Seoul, said: “This is diplomatically sensitive. The government is limited in how much direct support it can provide to such projects.”

The government says it does not provide money to Ms. Lee’s group, but she said it offered indirect support by giving linguists grants to pursue their work, which can include teaching Hangul abroad.

Ms. Lee started trying to spread Hangul in 2003. She first tried relying on Korean Christian missionaries in Nepal, Mongolia, Vietnam and China. But because the missionaries’ primary concern was not linguistic, she said, none of those programs succeeded.

She later began working with linguists in South Korea, and by 2007 they had an ally. South Korean popular culture — soap operas, music, pop stars — had mesmerized much of Asia. People like the Cia-Cia, a minority of 60,000 people in Indonesia, were eager to embrace things Korean, according to a Korean documentary shot on their island.

In July 2008, Ms. Lee led a delegation to Baubau, a town on Buton Island, off southeastern Sulawesi. In meetings with officials and tribal chieftains, she offered to create writing systems and textbooks based on Hangul so they could teach their children their own languages in school. She also offered to build a $500,000 Korean cultural center and promote economic development.

A deal was signed. Two teachers representing two language groups in Baubau came to Seoul for a six-month training course in Hangul at Seoul National University. One quit, complaining about the cold weather. The other, a Cia-Cia man named Abidin, stayed on. In July, Mr. Abidin, using a textbook from South Korea, began teaching the Cia-Cia language, written in Hangul, to 50 third graders in Baubau.

Although Indonesia’s government has not interfered in the Hangul project, Mr. Dammen said he feared that Baubau’s other tribes might become jealous of the “special treatment” the Koreans were giving the Cia-Cia.

“If others say, ‘Oh, we can also invite Japan, we can invite Russia, we can invite India, we can invite China, even Arabs,’ then things become messy,” he said.

For Ms. Lee, meanwhile, the program for the Cia-Cia is just the beginning of her ambitions.

By sharing the script with others, Ms. Lee said, she is simply expressing the will of her ancestor King Sejong, who promulgated the script. (She is a direct descendant, 21 generations removed.)

The national holiday, Hangul Day, on Oct. 9, celebrates the king’s introduction of the script in 1446. Before that, Koreans had no writing system of their own. The elite studied Chinese characters to record the meaning, but not the sound, of Korean.

“Many of my illiterate subjects who want to communicate cannot express their concerns,” the king is recorded to have said in explaining the reason for Hunminjeongeum, the original name for Hangul. “I feel sorry for them. Therefore I have created 28 letters.”

“The king propagated Hangul out of love of his people,” Ms. Lee said. “It’s time for Koreans to expand his love for mankind by propagating Hangul globally. This is an era of globalization.”

Friday, September 11, 2009

Pigeon transfers data faster than South Africa's Telkom

http://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSTRE5885PM20090909?feedType=RSS&feedName=oddlyEnoughNews

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1 of 1Full Size

JOHANNESBURG (Reuters) - A South African information technology company on Wednesday proved it was faster for them to transmit data with a carrier pigeon than to send it using Telkom , the country's leading internet service provider.

Internet speed and connectivity in Africa's largest economy are poor because of a bandwidth shortage. It is also expensive.

Local news agency SAPA reported the 11-month-old pigeon, Winston, took one hour and eight minutes to fly the 80 km (50 miles) from Unlimited IT's offices near Pietermaritzburg to the coastal city of Durban with a data card was strapped to his leg.

Including downloading, the transfer took two hours, six minutes and 57 seconds -- the time it took for only four percent of the data to be transferred using a Telkom line.

SAPA said Unlimited IT performed the stunt after becoming frustrated with slow internet transmission times.

The company has 11 call-centers around the country and regularly sends data to its other branches.

Telkom could not immediately be reached for comment.

Internet speed is expected to improve once a new 17,000 km underwater fiber optic cable linking southern and East Africa to other networks becomes operational before South Africa hosts the soccer World Cup next year.

Local service providers are currently negotiating deals for more bandwidth.

(Reporting by Peroshni Govender; Editing by Jon Hemming)